Expansible wall receptacle



I. E. DEARSLEY EXPANSIBLE WALL RECEPTACLE Feb. 5, 1952 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 Filed Jun 24, 1946 Q Q 3% INVENTOR.

Ezra/slag F 5, 1952 l. E. DEARSLEY EXPANSIBLE WALL RECEPTACLE 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed June 24, 1946 WM A 9 W Patented Feb. 5, 1952 EXPAN SIBLE WALL RE CEPTACLE Irwin E. Dearsley, Racine, Wis., assignor to Walker Manufacturing Company of Wisconsin, Racine, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application June 24, 1946, Serial No. 678,725

1 This invention relates generally to hydraulic jack mechanisms and more particularly toward such mechanisms in which the hydraulic fluid is carried within a chamber integral therewith.

The primary objects of the invention are to provide such a mechanism which may be simply and economically manufactured and which, in operation, is exceedingly rugged and relatively trouble-free; to provide insuch a mechanism a novel fluid reservoir; to provide such a fluid reservoir which is .operable to feed fluid at all times to the pumping mechanismfor the ram irrespective of the position in which the jack is being used; and to provide such a mechanism which has a flexible, membranous reservoir wall whereby the volume of the reservoir varies in accordance with the fluid contained therein, thereby obviating the necessity for using a piston or other movable member which might develop leaks and friction. Other objects will be apparent from the specification and appended claims. 7

In the drawings there is illustrated a preferred embodiment of the invention in which like numerals refer to like parts in the several views. Since many modifications of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the invention is not to be construed as limited to the specific construction shown, but only by the scope of the appended claims.

7 Fig. 1 is a plan view of a self-contained, handoperated, hydraulic jack embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a view taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; V

Fig. 3 is a view taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; v

Fig. 4 is a view taken along the line 4--4 of Fig. 5 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, showing the means for securing the spring to the piston plug; 7

Fig. 6 is a view substantially along the line 6-15 of Fig. 2;

Fig. '7 is a view in perspective of the C-shaped member for securing the springto the piston plug; and,

Fig. 8 is a view in perspective of the membranous sleeve for the fluid reservoir.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral l designates generally the hydraulic jack having a hand-operated pump handle 2 for the hydraulic pump 3 which draws fluid from the reservoir 4 and delivers it to the piston chamber 6 for forcing the piston 8 outwardly against its return spring Ill. The jack I comprises a substantially 5 Claims. (Cl. 220-63) T-shaped pump housing l2 having at one of its oppositely extending portions an end wall l4 with a recess I6 therein internally threaded as at It! for receiving one end of a tubular cylinder body 20 which slidably receives piston 8. The outer periphery of the housing l2 adjacent end wall i4 is of reduced diameter to provide a shoulder 22 against which one end portion of the flexible reservoir member 23 'or sack rests and is undercut to receive an inwardly facing rib 24 on the sack 23. The sack 23, shown in its normal or unloaded shape in Fig. 8, extends outwardly from the end wall l4 in spaced relation to the cylinder body 20 and has its opposite end portion reversely folded inwardly into the sack 23 and along the outer surfaces of the tubular member 20. reversely folded portion 26 adjacent its end has a pair of spaced circumferential ribs 28 between which a wire member 301s coiled about the folded portion 26 and in fluid-tight relation to the outer surface of, the tubular member 20. A hollow sleeve or casing 32 surrounds the sack 23 and has one end portion wedging the sleeve against the shoulder 22 and the rib 26 into the undercut whereby the sack is held in fluid sealing relation to the pump housing [2. The other end portion of the casing 32 is partially conoidal terminating inla reduced diameter annular portion, 33. A nut member 34 is internally threaded for screw threading on the cylinder body 20 and has a reduced diameter portion 35 forming a shoulder 36. The shoulder 36 engages the'sleeve 32 adjacent the portion33 to rigidly hold the sleeve 32 against the housing l2 and the rib 24 into the undercut of the shoulder 22. The nut member 34 is externally threaded to adapt it to receive tools or fittings (not shown). To protect the external threads, in the absence of such tools or fittings, a protecting ring 37 is provided. The sleeve 32 has a plurality of openings 39 through its wall adjacent the annular portion 33 so that as fluid is removed from the reservoir 4 air may be admitted through the passageways 39, allowing the flexible sack 23 to collapse so that the volume of the reservoir l will always be substantially equal to the volume of the fluid therein.

The flexible sack 23 may, in the broader aspects of the invention, be formed of any of a variety of relatively freely flexible materials. An imperforate membranous material, such as synthetic rubber, which is inert to the hydraulic fluid, usually oil, is preferred.

In the pref-erred practice of the invention, the normal or unstressed diameter of the neck 26 of the sack 23 is substantially less than (of the This order, for example, of two-thirds of) the outside diameter of the cylinder body 20, under which conditions, in applying the sack to the cylinder body, the neck 26 is stretched considerably and thus inherently has a fluid-tight resilient sealing engagement with the cylinder body. As shown, this resilient sealing engagement is augmented by the previously identified coil spring 36 which expands radially as an incident to the assembly thereof with the cylinder body.

In the preferred assembly practice, the sack 23, turned inside out from its condition illustrated in Figure 8, is introduced over the righthand end of the cylinder body 20, as viewed in Figure 2 (through the assistance of a tapered pilot, not shown), during the course of which telescoping movement the neck 26 is expanded, and at the conclusion of which telescoping movement the neck 26 occupies substantially the position shown in Figure 2. Thereafter, the spring 353 is passed over the end of the cylinder and onto the end of the neck 26, in a similar vmanner. Under these conditions, the main body of the sack 23 extends to the left, and this body is thereafter turned inside out, leaving the neck in the inverted or inturned relation shown in Figure 2. This inturned relation of the neck 26 is of considerable importance, because it increases the effective reservoir space afforded by a given size or" sack and by a given size of chamber as defined by the outer sleeve 32.

The normal or unstressed diameter of the main body portion of the sack 23 is preferably substantially equal to the inside diameter of the outer sleeve, it being noted that the bead M has to be stretched slightly in order to enable it to pass over the shoulder 22 into the annular undercut space provided therefor. The inner surface of the sleeve 32 is slightly flared at its righthand end, and this flaring surface cooperates with the sleeve as stated above, to wedge the bead 24 into the undercut and forman effective fluid seal.

The piston .member 8 comprises, a cylindrical member. d having a concentric longitudinally extending central passageway 62 opening through its. opposite end Walls is and'dfi. The cylindrical member id is of substantially less diameter than the inner diameter of the tubular member and, at its end portion adjacentthe end wall id, is undercut in steps to provide a plurality of progressively reduced diameter sections 43, Stand 52 forming shoulders 9 and El at the intersection of the sections and 5G with the adjacent large diameter portions. reduceddiameter section 48 is threaded for reception of a screw-threaded packing ring stop member 5 which seats against the shoulder 49, and the section 52 is threaded for screw-threaded reception of a collar member 56 which compresses annular V packing rings 58 placed about the reduced diameter portion 5!! into engagement with an annular V packing holder 63 which seats against the ring member 54. The member 55 is threaded onto section 52 until the V rings 58 are forced outwardly into fluid sealing engagement with the inner walls of the tubular member 2i} to provide the movable end wall of the piston in the chamber 6, the other chamber wall being defined by the bottom of recess is.

The nut member 3d at its end portion opposite the portion has an inwardly projecting flange 62 defining an aperture 63 in which the The movement. The portion of the cylindrical member it extending beyond the annular portion of the bell-shaped member 32 outwardly of the tubular member 20 is of reduced diameter and is externally threaded as at 66 for reception of an adapter ring 68 which is screw-threaded thereon. 'I'headapter ring 68 isitself externally screw-threaded for reception of tools for use with the hydraulic jack 1. The end wall of the pump housing l2 opposite the wall I4 is recessed as at B9 and internally threaded for screw-threaded reception for tools which may be desired to be used with the hydraulic mechanism 5.

The pump housing 12 has the usual piston iii extending outwardly of the perpendicularly extending portion of the housing 12 which is reciprocable in apump chamber "H by the handle 2, pivoted as at T3, for withdrawing fluid from the reservoir 4 through outlet passageway 14 and check valve '15 and into the pump through passage l2. Preferably; and as illustrated the usual sealingchevrons are supplemented by an o-ring seal Hi, to positively prevent entry of air during the intake stroke-of the piston. The fluid is discharged under pressure from the pump through the check valve lfi and passageway ll into chamber 8 for forcing the piston member 8 outwardly of the tubular member 26. It will be noted that as the fluid is withdrawn from the reservoir 3, the pressure within the reservoir will be slightly reduced so that the atmospheric pressure surrounding the hydraulic mechanism i will force air through the apertures 39 which will collapse the sack 23 until the volume of the reservoir Q- is substantially equal to the volume of the hydraulic fluid therein.

The helically coiled tension sprin 19 has one end portion arranged in a progressively decreasing diameter spiral which receives a cap screw '58. The screw l8'isscrew-threaded into the bottom wall of the recess I6 to rigidly hold the spring end portion to the housing 12.

In further accordance with the present invention, the spring H3 is so formed that thefinal turn thereof, which is received between the head of the screw lfiand the bottom wall of the recess I8, acts as a lock washer and so opposes a rotation of screw '18 in a withdrawing direction. This feature is achieved by so forming'the spring that, in an unstressed" condition, the last coil, or portion of a coil, is open or, stated otherwise, liesin V a plane which is tilted relative to the plane of cylindrical member it is guided for reciprocal adjacent coils. The final threadingmovement of screwfiS thus straightens such final coil portion and stresses it in a manner that a lock washer is stressed. If desired, the lock washer action may be augmented by having the lead of the spring helix opposite to the direction in which the head of the screw is turned for releasing purposes, thereby enabling the extreme end of the coilto bitingly oppose such a withdrawal of'the'screw head.

The spring extends from the hDilSiI'lg i2 longitudinally through thepassageway 32 'of the cylindrical member it andterminates inwardly from but adjacent the end wall it in a hook portion it. The, end of the passageway 52 adjacent the end wall 36 is counterbored to provide progressively decreasing diameter step portions as at St and 23!, forming a shoulder t2 intermediate portions and'8l. A screw-threaded plug closure member 83 has stepped diameter portions 84 and 85 and a shoulder 86 formed at the inter-- section ofportionsd i and 85., The portion,8 5is screw-threaded" for co-operation with screw 5 threads on the portion 8 I, and a gasket 8'1 is held between shoulders 82 and 86. The end wall or surface 88 of the plug member 83 has a reduced diameter portion 89 projecting therefrom into the passageway 42 and which terminates in a head portion 90. A substantially C-shaped member 9I has inwardly facing end portions 92 and 93 and a connecting substantially semicircular portion 94. The facing end surfaces of the portions 92 and 93 have arc-shaped recesses 96 and 98 respectively, so that when the inwardly facing end portions 92 and 93 are positioned about the reduced diameter extending portion 89 and intermediate the head portion 90 and the end wall 88, the reduced diameter portion 89 extends into the arcshaped recesses 93 and 98 to prevent accidental removal of the C-shaped member 9I from the plug closure member 83. This construction provides aswivel joint whereby the plug member 83 may be screw-threaded into the counterbore portion 8| without corresponding rotation of the member 9| and the helical coil spring I0. This swivel joint also makes it possible to rotate members 68-8 when attaching and detaching tools without rotating the spring I on nut 18.

When it is desired to cause the piston 8 to retract the ram I, the hand-release valve I00 is rotated to rotate cam surface I02 thereof, causing it to move a valve unseating pin member I04 upwardly to raise the check valve I08 from its seat I08, to open a fluid-flow passageway from the piston chamber 6 through fluid passageways I1 and H0, the valve port I08, around the unseating pin I04 and cam I02, and through return passageway II2 to reservoir 4. The fluid will flow from the piston chamber 6 to the reservoir 4, as just described, under force of the contracting spring I0. The fluid flowing into the reservoir 4 will slightly increase the pressure therein, causing the flexible sack 23 to expand and force the air from the space intermediate the sleeve 32 and the sack 23 outwardly through the apertures 39. The reservoir 4 is initially filled through a filling passageway I20 which is normally closed by means of a cap screw I22 and gasket.

In use, the desired tools are screw-threaded on the adapter ring 68 and in the recess 69. The jack I is then placed between the points at which it is desired to apply the force, and the handle 2 is rocked back and forth on its pivot 13 to with draw hydraulic fluid from the reservoir 4 and pump the same under pressure into the piston chamber 6. This fluid under pressure in the chamber 5 acts against the piston member 8 forcing it to the left, as seen in Fig. 2, and against the force of the coil spring I0, causing a force to be exerted between the tools carried on the opposite end portions of the hydraulic jack I. When it is desired to relieve the applied force, the lever member I00 is rotated to unseat the valve member I06 and allow fluid from the piston chamber 6 to flow through the before-mentioned passageways back into the reservoir 4 under influence of the contracting force of the spring I0 acting upon the piston member 8.

It will now be seen that this construction provides a relatively simple and compact self-contained jack which will supply fluid to the piston for pumping into the piston chamber at all angles at which the hand-carried hydraulic jack may be placed, since the volume of the reservoir changes in accordance with the volume of the hydraulic fluid which is contained therein due to the position of the piston member. The flexible bag which provides the reservoir is secured in place by the novel use of the annular ring 34, threaded on cylinder 20, which bears on the casing 32 to tightly clamp the bead 24 so that the joint between the casing 32 and the radial wall i4 is fluid tight.

What is claimed and is desired to be secured by United States Letters Patent is as follows:

1. In a pump operated jack or the like, the combination of a cylinder, a wall at one end of the cylinder and projecting radially therefrom, a casing spaced from and surrounding the cylinder and slidably seated at one end on said wall to form a junction with said Wall, a radial shoulder on the cylinder engages said casing and holds it seated on said wall, and a flexible bag inside said casing and surroundingsaid cylinder, fluid passage means in said wall opening into the interior of said bag, said bag having a marginal edge at one end fitted in said junction and clamped between the said one end of said casing and said wall, the other end of the bag being reduced in diameter and secured to said cylinder adjacent the other end thereof, said bag providing a variable volume reservoir for fluid.

2. The invention set forth in claim 1 wherein the end of said casing seated on said Wall is beveled on its inner edge and said bag marginal edge is provided with a circumferential bead engaged by said beveled edge casing end whereby axial movement of the casing toward said wall compresses the bead.

The invention set forth in claim 2 wherein means are provided to vary the distance between iii) said wall and said radial shoulder to thereby move said casing axially.

4. The invention set forth in claim 1 wherein said radial shoulder is provided by an annular ring threaded on the other end of said cylinder and engages the other end of the casing.

5. The invention set forth in claim 1 wherein the end of the bagfastened to said cylinder comprises an inverted sleevelike neck disposed within the length of the bag.

IRWIN E. DEARSLEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

